PENGANTAR METODE PENELITIAN KEPADA SUATU PENGERTIAN YANG MENDALAM MENGENAI KONSEP FENOMENOLOGI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31848/ensains.v2i1.148Abstract
Abstract:. Phenomenology today develops as one of fundamental research method whose assumptions respect human uniqueness and subjective experiences. Phenomenon as experienced consciously by human was analyzed by two descriptions: textual description and scriptural description. Phenomenology, in essential, taught people to interact and learn more from phenomenon so that the meaning of reality, and the natural essence of reality, could be grasped by the observer. Using literature studies, namely solving problems by tracing the sources of writing that have been made before. Subject experience, in this case, is a phenomenon which is the subject matter under study. The first dimension is the factual experience of the subject, objective and even physical, while the second dimension is the opinion, judgment, evaluation, expectation, and meaning of the subject to the phenomenon they experience. However, a phenomenological researcher still needs to understand in advance the principles of phenomenology. Without understanding it, a researcher will not be able to analyze research data that has been transcribed into a description or table in the context of phenomenology. The thing that needs to be emphasized is that the stages of research stated above are not standard procedures in phenomenological research. What has been described is only one variation of phenomenological research methodology that can be used.
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Keyword: Phenomenology, Qualitative, Research Methods
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Abstrak: Fenomenologi saat ini berkembang sebagai salah satu metode penelitian mendasar dengan mengutamakan kehormatan atas keunikan manusia dan pengalaman subjektif. Fenomena seperti yang dialami secara sadar oleh manusia dianalisis oleh dua deskripsi: deskripsi tekstual dan deskripsi tulisan-tulisan terdahulu. Fenomenologi, pada dasarnya, mengajarkan orang untuk berinteraksi dan belajar lebih banyak dari fenomena sehingga makna realitas, dan esensi alami dari realitas, dapat dipahami oleh pengamat. Menggunakan studi literatur, yaitu menyelesaikan persoalan dengan menelusuri sumber-sumber tulisan yang pernah dibuat sebelumnya. Pengalaman subjek, dalam hal ini, merupakan fenomena yang menjadi subject matter yang diteliti. Dimensi pertama merupakan pengalaman faktual si subjek, bersifat objektif bahkan fisikal, sedangkan dimensi kedua merupakan opini, penilaian, eveluasi, harapan, dan pemaknaan subjek terhadap fenomena yang dialaminya. Namun, seorang peneliti fenomenologi tetap perlu memahami terlebih dahulu prinsip-prinsip fenomenologi. Tanpa memahaminya, seorang peneliti tidak akan mampu menganalisis data penelitian yang sudah ditranskripsikan ke dalam uraian atau tabel dalam konteks fenomenologi. Hal yang perlu ditekankan adalah bahwa tahapan-tahapan penelitian yang dikemukakan di atas bukanlah prosedur baku dalam penelitian fenomenologi. Apa yang telah diuraikan hanyalah salah satu variasi metodologi penelitian fenomenologi yang dapat dipakai.
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Kata Kunci: Fenomenologi, Kualitatif, Metode Penelitian
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